Culture (Materi Presentasi)

Materi presentasi kelompok 3 tentang Culture.

I. Definisi Culture
Culture does not refer solely to the arts and refined intellectual taste. It consists of all objects and ideas within a sociey.

culture:that complex whole which includes, knowledge, belief, arts, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society” - Edward B 

Aspect of culture:

•Slang words

•Food

•Sports

•Music genres

•Dances

II. Culture is Learned

"Enculturation refers to the process of learning a culture consisting in socially distributed and shared knowledge manifested in those perceptions, understandings, feelings, intentions, and orientations that inform and shape the imagination and pragmatics of social life" (Peter-Poole, 2002).

Medias of enculturation:

•Family

•Community

•School

Function of enculturation:

•Teach us the cultural value

•Identitas sosial

Every human mind inherits a complement of species-specific “elementary ideas” (Elementargedanken), and hence the minds of all people, regardless of their race or culture, operate in the same way. – Adolf Bastian  

III. Culture is Shared

·   from parents to their child

·   from society to an individual

·   to an individual to another

IV. Culture is Symbolic

a symbol is something verbal or nonverbal within a particular language or culture that comes to stand for something else.

   a symbol is anything that is used to represent any other thing

Non Verbal

verbal

V. Culture and Nature

Natural condition has effects on culture.

Humans interact with cultural constructions of nature, rather than directly with nature itself

VI. Culture is adaptive and maladaptive

•Culture is an adaptive strategy employed

•Because cultural behavior is motivated by cultural factors. Cultural behavior can be maladaptive.

•For determining a cultural practice is adaptive or maladaptive we can viewing the results from the several perspective.

In indonesia so many people are muslims and the muslim culture they must cover they body that’s why they  wear long clothes or hijab. Different from other countries  they  not pay attention to covered they body.

VII. Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism

Ethnocentrism is the use of values, ideals, and mores from one’s own culture to judge the behavior of someone from another culture. What “we” believe is religion; what “they” believe is supersition and mythology.

Example: carok culture is an attempt to kill each other is done by men with sharp weapons

Cultural Relativism asserts that cultural values are arbitrary, and therefore the values of one culture should not be used as standards to evaluate the behavior of persons from outside that culture.

For example, views of sex before married.

VIII. Diffusion

defined as a deployment process that includes elements of cultural ideas, beliefs, and so on from individual to another individual, from one group to another group, of a community or society to another

Example
For example, the culture of western society (European Countries) enter and influence the culture of the eastern (Asian and African nations).
of cultural dissemination to other communities in peace. influx of Hindu culture, Buddhist, and Islam to Indonesia
The spread of culture through violence and coercion. For example, colonization and the imposition of the will.

Sumber: 

 12 -03 - 2014  disaring dari: http://iguh-meister.blogspot.com/2012/01/enkulturasi.html\

12 -03 - 2014  disaring dari: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Bastian

12 -03 - 2014 http://www.anthrobase.com/Dic/eng/def/psychic_unity.htm

Slide Binusmaya. (2013). Human Diversities 1: Language, Communication, Culture, and Ethnicity. Jakarta : Bina Nusantara University

Selasa 18 - maret - 2014